The special optical cable is requested to installed in the power system for telecommunication. The most common ones are ADSS All Dielectric Self-Supporting Optical Fiber Cable and OPGW Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Ground Wire. The following is a detailed introduction to the both cables and their differences in the application.
The common structure of All Dielectric Self-Supporting Optical Fiber Cable (ADSS) is as below.
From the above structure, ADSS cable has 2 different structures: stranded type and central loose tube type; and according to the tower distance and environmental factors, the stranded type has a reinforced type with double sheaths.
Supported by the reinforced structure, ADSS cable can be directly hung on the non-metallic optical cable on the tower. Because it is used in power systems, it is required to have the characteristics of anti-magnetic interference and resistance to tracking corrosion, so its outer sheath is generally made of polyethylene (PE) or tracking resistance (AT). ADSS optical cables are generally used in the power lines with voltage levels below 200KV, PE sheaths for the lines below 110KV and AT sheaths for 110KV~200KV power lines, according to the actual situation. It has become the primary choice for power communication systems, especially over legacy power lines.
The common structure of Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Ground Wire (OPGW) is as follow.
PGW optical cable is divided into stranded type and central loose tube type from the structure, and also divided into (stainless) steel tube type and aluminum tube type from the material.
It is an overhead ground wire (lightning protection wire) containing optical fiber, and has the functions of optical fiber communication and overhead ground wire (lightning protection wire). Placed in the protection tube, the optical fiber unit can be well protected to ensure the stability of the optical performance. As the overhead ground wire of the power line, it can fully meet the mechanical, environmental and electrical performance requirements of the lightning protection wire, and can provide lightning protection for the power phase wire. OPGW cable is usually installed in the high-voltage lines over than 110KV. When installed in a new power line, OPGW can be used as the overhead ground wire; when installed in an old power line, just replace the original overhead ground wire with an OPGW with the same mechanical properties.
Let's take a look at where they are installed in the actual application environment.
From the above figure, we can intuitively find the difference in the installation positions of ADSS and OPGW optical cables. OPGW, as an overhead ground wire of the power system, is directly suspended on the ground wire bracket on the top of the tower. The ADSS optical cable is suspended under the power phase line by selecting a suitable position after calculating the power field strength and the minimum height to the ground.
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